| Quick answer-
For speed reasons, csound has two internal loops, one at audio rate for
generating sample (sr) and one at a slower rate (kr). The slower rate
allows you to generate control variables (e.g. envelopes) without spending
the time to recalculate at every sample.
The simple rule is that kr must be an integer factor of sr, to
satisfy the following equation in whole numbers:
sr = kr * ksmps
So ksmps and kr are totally related, though you still have to enter both
and they must satisfy the above equation.
Examples:
sr = 44100 kr = 1 ksmps = 44100
Extreme example. k variables updated once per second.
sr = 44100 kr = 100 ksmps = 441
Standard settings. k variables updated every 10 ms. (fine for envelopes)
sr = 44100 kr = 44100 ksmps = 1
Highest setting. k variables update every sample. Allows some tricks
with opcodes that only work at k rate (like conditionals).
Mike Berry
mikeb@mills.edu
On Wed, 10 Dec 1997, Qian Chen wrote:
> Hi there,
>
> I am a newbie of Csound. Would someone tell me what control rate and
> control sample mean. I know what sample rate does, but I have no idea
> about the other two stuff.
>
> Any infomation is appreciated.
>
> Regards
>
>
>
>
> _________________________________________________________
> DO YOU YAHOO!?
> Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com
>
>
>
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From: jpff@maths.bath.ac.uk
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Subject: Csoudn for SPARC
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I have placed a Beta binary for SPACE on ftp.maths.bath.ac.uk in
pub/dream/platforms/unix/Sun/csound_beta
No guaranteees....
==John
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From: Hans Pelleboer
Subject: grapes and wine
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 97 23:11:07 PST
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Hello,
In recent weeks I have read a number of questions regarding
stereo microphone techniques and the decomposing of auditory images
in their constituting components. Usually the problem is worded somewhat
as follows: How does one write a csound script to emulate a M-S microphone
image? Or: how to derive center information out of a stereo recording?
The attempts to answer these questions center around the simple arithmetic
of phase relationships, as used in the summing-matrix for a M-S pair.
What is glossed over here entirely is the problem: What is an auditory
image, and how do we perceive one as such?
In the process of the build-up to the illusion which we call `stereo,'
auditory sources are imprinted --arbitrarily!, because set up through the
subjective hands of a recording engineer-- on two channels in such a
manner, that play-back over loudspeakers gives us some suggestion of
direction, size and distance. Even if we simplify drastically by leaving
out all time relationships, as caused by reflections and such in real-world
acoustical environments, then still the sound pressures picked up
by a single pair of microphones are the resultants of a vectorial addition
of a -long- row of terms.
Just manipulating the resultants does not reach far enough to alter the
underlying relations of their components -- for the same reason that you
can't make grapes out of wine!
The idea, therefore, that there ever will be a simple operator --something
like a reciprocal `pan' knob-- that will deduce a source from the complex
streams that it generates, is probably futile.
A way more fruitful approach, I think, is to start from the other side of
the loop and build auditory images through SYNTHESIS, not attempting to
derive
the essential parameters through analysis. This will not lead to a
clean-cut acoustical model, but it will definitely generate a bundle of
useful parameters for image synthesis, which will be close to the controls
of
a typical mixing console and peripherals.
One can think of massaging the direct/reverb ratio, diffusion with
allpass filters or through convolution with noise. Early reflections and
such are easily made by adding different delays.
For this type of synthesis, csound provides us with an ample set of tools.
Multi channel output allows the use of discrete center channels and the
like.
Hope these remarks will help to elucidate the issue somewhat.
Hans Pelleboer
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Date: Fri, 12 Dec 1997 02:12:15 +0100
From: trkkaZulu
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High;
Anybody out there have any advice on (this is kind of off topic) sound
on an Aptiva 449 with the MWAVE card under Linux? I come from a Csound
win95 background and would like to move up to the "personal workstation"
using build 2.0.3x of the Linux kernel. Cecilia is very interesting to
me. How is it running under Linux?
trkkaZulu
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High;
Anybody out there have any advice on (this is kind of off topic) sound
on an Aptiva 449 with the MWAVE card under Linux? I come from a Csound
win95 background and would like to move up to the "personal workstation"
using build 2.0.3x of the Linux kernel. Cecilia is very interesting to
me. How is it running under Linux?
trkkaZulu
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High;
Anybody out there have any advice on (this is kind of off topic) sound
on an Aptiva 449 with the MWAVE card under Linux? I come from a Csound
win95 background and would like to move up to the "personal workstation"
using build 2.0.3x of the Linux kernel. Cecilia is very interesting to
me. How is it running under Linux?
trkkaZulu
--
Visit: http://home1.swipnet.se/~w-18884/gtc/homePage.htm
radical raid rocker independent oop shockwave cybernation
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