Hi!
Excuse me for naivety but I'd like to know is there a good way to obtain
exact meaning of pitch ("root") of audio sample? 
It's clear that sample may be not too short and its pitch may change
through time of
playing. But there is well known device named "tuner" (for guitars).
 What criteria may be used
if I want to say "the pitch of xxx.wav is yyy Hz"? 
How people who works with samplers do it?
Is it possible to use Csound for it? 
What about popular sound editors (Sound Forge, Cool Edit, e.t.c)?

Thank you,