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granular synthesis?

Date1997-05-09 19:50
Fromspore!
Subjectgranular synthesis?
Thanks to the latest issue of Keyboard, I'm finally learning what granular
synthesis is all about.  After browsing through the Csound manual, it
appears 'fof' makes use of granular techniques in building its data.

Is anyone working on general granular synthesis routines for Csound?  Or am
I just off the mark. (i.e. is this done by existing instruments in
Csound?)

BTW, Mac users will be interested in the freeware program of granular
synthesis generation, by Curtis Roads and John Alexander, available on the
Keyboard Magazine website.  http://www.keyboardmag.com/studio/granular.html


-- 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Matthew at biteme					spore@psibercom.org
                 + Nyquist Theory and Soul Management +



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To: csound@maths.ex.ac.uk
From: Richard Wentk 
Subject: Re: gen routines
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At 10:52 09/05/97 +0200, you wrote:

>>>> 

 Richard Wentk  wrote:


>I haven't tried it, but my guess is that you can't change the sound of
an

>instrument after it's started. The sound will only change if you

>reinitialise the instrument - hence no funky wavesequencing effects, 
at

>least not without major effort. Can someone confirm this? 


It does work! On my system, I have a note running infinitely

and send the new wavetables over a realtime pipe when editing

the wave graphically, and I can hear the sound change.


Peter Neubaecker




Well, tie me to a webserver and call me Bill Gates - you're quite right.
Csound is so cussedly perverse about everything else I assumed tables
would be set and stored at i-rate. But they're not. Given that -
presumably - they were done this way to save memory, it's even obvious
when you think about it.


Still can't think of a good use for the facility though. E.g.
wavesequencing where you have to specify the tables for each and every
note separately seems just a tad inelegant.


Other than that - any good examples/uses out there?


R.





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Message-Id: 
From: Daron Myrick 
To: csound 
Subject: LPC resynthesis pops.
Date: Fri, 9 May 1997 17:19:12 -0500
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I'm doing some heavy duty vocoding effects with LPC synthesis, using multiple
detuned buzz oscillators
and AIF sample files as carriers.
The results with pitch tracking, 50 poles etc. are excellent, better than any
vocode I've ever heard in the
past and I've heard alot.
Unfortunately I get these got aweful pops which are more like pops of high
frequency sine waves, in the same places in
the output .wav file.
If I change my voice file to say different text, the pops are in different
places.
Upon analysis of the resulting .WAV files produced, it appears that the pop is
actualy a high frequency
sine wave which pops out of nowhere, of very short duration and is of such
magnitude as to cause serious clipping at 16bits.
Is this what is known as pole instability in LPC synthesis/analysis or is this
another problem in Csound itself?
Is there a easy solution?
Thanks.
P.S. I have gone through the Csound source code an found out some odd things
which throw up
warnings on compiles.
Some of these warnings when addressed make Csound and LPANAL much more stable
and help
variables from being truncated.
For instance, the option which lists all Csound language instructions doesn't
cause a system reboot
like it used to, but now works.



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From: rasmus ekman 
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To: csound@maths.ex.ac.uk
Subject: granular synthesis!
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spore! wrote:
> 
> Thanks to the latest issue of Keyboard, I'm finally learning what granular
> synthesis is all about.  After browsing through the Csound manual, it
> appears 'fof' makes use of granular techniques in building its data.

Hi Matthew,

There are 4 opcodes in the recent version of Csound that can be used
for various kinds of granular heaping: fof, fof2, grain and granule.
In the most recent version of Csound from Bath/Montreal (v 3.46)
there is also fog. It's a version of fof, but it's not documented yet 
(hopefully it will be soon).

The granular generators all have their peculiarities. 
   fof is only meant to use a waveform ftable (like a sine), but has
versatile and interesting control functionality, mostly geared towards
generating bandpass filtered (formant) tones.
   fof2 keeps all of that, and adds control over where in the ftable
each grain begins. This means you can use a recorded sound and do
cheapo timestretching, or just pick it apart. (it's my fav of the lot.)
   grain is the easiest to use, but each soundblip will begin 
reading the ftable from a random point, so no timestretching there.
   granule handles up to four different grain streams with individual
pitches. However, most parameters (including timestretch) must be set
at init time, so the only thing you can control during performance is
grain density.

If you are a Mac/PowerMac user, you might want to use the Mills version
- it seems quite popular. Not sure if all the abovementioned opcodes are 
included there however. 
Anyway, you should check out GrainWave, which is available from there.
Haven't used it myself, but it's somewhat popular at the studios where 
I work (play).

	Get it at ftp://www.mills.edu/ccm


Happy chopping.

	re



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From: Marc Resibois 
To: Daron Myrick 
Cc: csound 
Subject: Re: LPC resynthesis pops.
Date: Sat, 10 May 1997 19:26:21 +0200
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Daron,

You wrote:

: Is this what is known as pole instability in LPC synthesis/analysis or is
this
: another problem in Csound itself?
: Is there a easy solution?

To find out if it is instability you're dealing with, you might want to try
some work I've included in the analysis/resynthesis of Csound. In order to
do that, you'll need to have at least V3.44 or equivalent. The thing is
that lpanal does normally work by storing coefficient filters and does not
care if the filter is stable or not. By specifying -a (or is it -A ;-) in
the command line, you will force lpanal to write an Alternate storage mode
which stores the _poles_ of the filters. When processed in Csound by
lpread, the storage is automatically recognized and pole correction is
done, removing filters instability. The drawback (you need one don't you)
is the it is much slower than the regular one. My advice would be to use it
at the end when you're happy with the treatment and want the definitve.

Let me know if this corrects you're problem, I didn't got much feedback
yet.

Regards,

Marc.

: The results with pitch tracking, 50 poles etc. are excellent, better than
any
: vocode I've ever heard in the
: past and I've heard alot.

May I dare to request the orc/sco ;-) ?



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From: Matt Loper 
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To: rasmus ekman 
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Subject: Re: granular synthesis!
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rasmus ekman wrote:

> There are 4 opcodes in the recent version of Csound that can be used
> for various kinds of granular heaping: fof, fof2, grain and granule.
> In the most recent version of Csound from Bath/Montreal (v 3.46)
> there is also fog. It's a version of fof, but it's not documented yet
> (hopefully it will be soon).

Where are the others (fof2, grain, & granule) documented? I didn't see
them in the html manual.

Thanks!

Matt Loper
Matthew@loper.org                    
http://www.loper.org



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Date: Sat, 10 May 1997 23:40:52 +0000
To: csound@maths.ex.ac.uk
From: Per Byrne Villez 
Subject: Re: granular synthesis!
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>spore! wrote:
 Just to expand on the gen descriptions below; It is quite normal to use
other tables besides sines in the ordinary fof gen. Samples can be used
quite easily, without any problems. I wonder when we might see the fof2 and
fog gens in the PPCsound version? anybody have any news on this?.
                                                        Per


>   fof is only meant to use a waveform ftable (like a sine), but has
>versatile and interesting control functionality, mostly geared towards
>generating bandpass filtered (formant) tones.
>   fof2 keeps all of that, and adds control over where in the ftable
>each grain begins. This means you can use a recorded sound and do
>cheapo timestretching, or just pick it apart. (it's my fav of the lot.)
>   grain is the easiest to use, but each soundblip will begin
>reading the ftable from a random point, so no timestretching there.
>   granule handles up to four different grain streams with individual
>pitches. However, most parameters (including timestretch) must be set
>at init time, so the only thing you can control during performance is
>grain density.
>
>If you are a Mac/PowerMac user, you might want to use the Mills version
>- it seems quite popular. Not sure if all the abovementioned opcodes are
>included there however.
>Anyway, you should check out GrainWave, which is available from there.
>Haven't used it myself, but it's somewhat popular at the studios where
>I work (play).
>
>        Get it at ftp://www.mills.edu/ccm
>
>
>Happy chopping.
>
>        re





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From: Mike Berry 
To: Per Byrne Villez 
Cc: csound@maths.ex.ac.uk
Subject: Re: granular synthesis!
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	fof2 is in the new 0.3.0 release (made last Monday), which
includes everything in 3.45.  3.46 should be included in 0.3.1, which
should be along sometime soon (including fog).

Mike Berry
mikeb@mills.edu
http://www.mills.edu/PEOPLE/gr.pages/mikeb.public.html/mikeb.homepage.html




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From: Peter Neubacker 
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On replacing wavetables on a running sound I wrote:

> It does work! On my system, I have a note running infinitely
> and send the new wavetables over a realtime pipe when editing
> the wave graphically, and I can hear the sound change.

Bill Kleinsasser wrote:
>Can you more fully describe your system and hwat you are using to
>graphically alter the wave tables?

Richard Dobson wrote:
>Sounds wonderful - but it would be good to have some more detailed
>information on how you are doing this. It is easy enough to replace
>one ftable with another, on a held note, less so to manage the
>takeover without a glitch, even less so to do something like gradual
>interpolation between wavetables. Also, not everyone has a system  
>which allows real-time pipes, we have to settle for a score. Can we  
>see an example orc. and sco. file?


So, I am working on a NeXTStep platform with a csound-interface
I wrote. For realtime I have csound running as a subprocess
of my program with the option *-L stdin* and pipe the events
through a unix pipe to the running process. When I alter the
graphically displayed curve form with the mouse (e.g. GEN07 or
GEN08), the f-events are generated and sent. When you do so,
of course there is no smooth transition of sound.
But you can interpolate between waveforms of a running sound
with the instrument below!

Peter Neubaecker

;------------ wavefade.orc -------------------
sr = 22050
kr = 2205
ksmps = 10
nchnls = 2

instr 1

tigoto  tied
kamp1   init    1
kamp2   init    0

tied:
ia1     =       i(kamp1)
ia2     =       i(kamp2)
kamp1   linseg  ia1,p6,ia2,1,ia2    ; two envelopes for crossfade
kamp2   =       1-kamp1             ; swapped on new start
                                    ; p6 = crossfade time
asig1   oscili  p4*kamp1,p5,1,-1    ; iphs = -1
asig2   oscili  p4*kamp2,p5,2,-1    ; to prevent phase init
asig    =       asig1+asig2
        outs    asig,asig

endin

;------------ wavefade.sco -------------------

f 1 0 1025 10 1             ; two initial waves
f 2 0 1025 10 0 1

i 1 0 -4 20000 100 3
f 1 4 1025 10 0 0 1         ; set new f1 after fade time
i 1 4 -4 20000 100 1        ; and restart tied note for crossfade
f 2 8 1025 10 0 0 0 1       ; set new f2
i 1 8 -4 20000 100 3        ; etc.
f 1 12 1025 10 1 0 0.5 0 1
i 1 12 -4 20000 100 2
f 2 16 1025 10 1
i 1 16 8 20000 100 4

e

;--------------------------------------------




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Subject:  Man-68K systems
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Message written at 11 May 1997 00:00:56 +0100

I have build Csound_68k.Hqx and Csound.881.Hqx and copied them to the
file server in platforms/mac
  I have only done minimal testing -- and I suspect output to dac is
bust.

==John

PS This is 3.46.  I have a collection of real goodies to incorporate
in teh next version which I hope will be the definitive version for a
while.



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jpff@maths.bath.ac.uk wrote:
> 
> Message written at 11 May 1997 00:00:56 +0100
> 
> I have build Csound_68k.Hqx and Csound.881.Hqx and copied them to the file server in platforms/mac

Pardon my ignorance, but can anyone tell me the address of the file
server above. Many thanks...


Cliff


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jpff@maths.bath.ac.uk wrote:
> 
> Message written at 11 May 1997 00:00:56 +0100
> 
> I have build Csound_68k.Hqx and Csound.881.Hqx and copied them to the file server in platforms/mac

Pardon my ignorance, but can anyone tell me the address of the file
server above. Many thanks...


Cliff



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Subject:  re granular synthesis
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Message written at 13 May 1997 08:48:00 +0100


> There are 4 opcodes in the recent version of Csound that can be used
> for various kinds of granular heaping: fof, fof2, grain and granule.
> In the most recent version of Csound from Bath/Montreal (v 3.46)
> there is also fog. It's a version of fof, but it's not documented yet 
> (hopefully it will be soon).

and there is sndwarp which is a time stretch opcode which is
essentially granular, and is beautiful!

==John ff