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Random, old and new

Date1998-11-13 13:07
Fromjpff@maths.bath.ac.uk
SubjectRandom, old and new
Message written at 13 Nov 1998 11:44:56 +0000

If the need to preserve old orchestras and the need to provide clear
service to newcommers are both to be accommodated, then it woudl be
possible to have a command-line option or environment variable to
select old or new.  A little more messy internally but doable.

As it has been brought up, are there any strong feelings about
converting all the newer noise opcodes to be self contained and
indepenent?  I see some dangers in this as it may lead to each note
repeating the same numbers.  I think it would be possible to arrange a
tri-state for seeding; (1) take this seed (2) use last value (3) creat
from clock or somewhere

Just musing; this change would break my chapter in the book.
==John ffitch


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From: Robin Whittle 
Organization: First Principles
To: Csound list 
Date: Sat, 14 Nov 1998 00:24:02 +1000
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Subject: 31 bit PRNG for x-class noise ugens
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I tackled this random number business in July.  Take a look at:
  
   http://www.firstpr.com.au/csound/

and scroll down to the heading:

   "1 - Adding a better Random Number Generator to Csound"

I installed a single 31 bit Park-Miller Pseudo Random Number 
Generator (PRNG) for use by all the "x-class noise" ugens.  There is 
a seed ugen for that PRNG:  such that if the input paremeter to the
seed opcode is 0, then the time of day will be used, and if it is 
anything else, then the seed is used to three decimal places, with a 
range of any positive or negative number to a maximum value of +/- 
2,147,483.645. Input above this is treated mod 2,147,483.645. 

The new system runs marginally faster (28% on my Linux PPro machine) 
than the internal C library PRNG rand() function.


I also added functions in cmath.c and lines in entry.c to implement 
three new bipolar uniform random opcodes: 

     ibunirand, kbunirand and abunirand. 

          ir   ibunirand   irange 
          kr   kbunirand   krange 
          ar   abunirand   krange

These behave just like the xbunirand opcodes (erroneously called 
xuniform in the current manual) except that their ouput range is 
positive and negative, rather than positive from 0 to xrange.  For 
instance: 

          ar   abunirand   100

will write evenly distributed random numbers - ie white noise - in 
the range -100 to +100. 


The source code and patch files to achieve the changes are all at my 
site, in the directory:

    http://www.firstpr.com.au/csound/rand31/

An updated version of the x-class noise page of Jean Pich=E9's HTML 
manual is at:

    http://www.firstpr.com.au/csound/rand31/xnoise.html

I haven't done any Csounding for a while, but what I did a few months 
ago, I did use these features.  These changes have also been 
incorporated in the [Infamous - or whatever the name is to 
distinguish it from John Fitch's] Linux version of Csound as 
maintained by Nicola Bernardini . 


Matt J. Ingalls wrote:

> well- i can see times where a composer (maybe one who had not gone throu=
gh a
> cagean-worship graduate program like some of us) would want to recreate =
a
> specific stream of pseudorandom numbers...

That's exactly what I have been doing.  All the random elements of a piece=
 use 
the x-class-noise ugens and therefore depend entirely on the single seed. =
 I 
have made mulitple versions of the one piece with multiple seeds (chosen f=
or 
instance by rolling dice or whatever) and then I can listen to them and de=
cide 
which ones I like.  Then the seed number, the .orc and the .sco is all I n=
eed 
to recreate it.  The randomness is used for audio noise and for control ra=
te 
things which have a significant outcome on the piece.

I saw John Cage perform in Adelaide in 1976, when a mini-busload of us LaT=
robe 
University music students went to the Adelaide Festival.  In the midst of =
a 40 
(?) minute mind-numbing recitation of randomly chosen, softly spoken, 
meaningless disconnected sylables, spontaneous, nervous applause broke out=
 and 
I joined in. The man with the sunny disposition didn't miss a stochastic b=
eat 
and continued for the remaining 15 minutes or so of the piece.


> that said, i think backwards compatibility is not that big of an issue, =
as i
> said before i have loads of orchestras that used to work but dont now du=
e to
> changes in csound.

My changes do not affect backwards compatibility.  See my site for a revie=
w of 
the various random number subsystems in Csound - its not a pretty sight, a=
nd I 
may have missed something.  Apart from the x-class-noise ugens, I leave th=
em 
all alone: I leave the source code alone and don't use the ugens.

- Robin



=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D

Robin Whittle     rw@firstpr.com.au  http://www.firstpr.com.au
                  Heidelberg Heights, Melbourne, Australia 

First Principles  Research and expression: music, Internet 
                  music marketing, telecommunications, human 
                  factors in technology adoption. Consumer 
                  advocacy in telecommunications, especially 
                  privacy. Consulting and technical writing. 

Real World        Electronics and software for music: eg.
Interfaces        the Devil Fish mods for the TB-303. 

=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D


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To: Robin Whittle , csound@maths.ex.ac.uk
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From: tolve 
Subject: Re: 31 bit PRNG for x-class noise ugens
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robin whittle wrote:

>I saw John Cage perform in Adelaide in 1976, when a mini-busload of us LaTrobe
>University music students went to the Adelaide Festival.  In the midst of a 40
>(?) minute mind-numbing recitation of randomly chosen, softly spoken,
>meaningless disconnected sylables, spontaneous, nervous applause broke out and
>I joined in. The man with the sunny disposition didn't miss a stochastic beat
>and continued for the remaining 15 minutes or so of the piece.

believe i caught that tour in potsdam, ny usa. cage explained that the
syllables were chinese and selected via the I Ching. my mind similarly
numbed. if it was actually the same piece, our common experience was merely
derived from excerpts of what i believe had a running time of 48 hours. at
the performance i attended, an entire theater emptied save for 20 audience
members who were then invited onstage for a question answer period. i cut
my next class and remained (took a bit of hell for it but ultimately worth
it).

cage then went on for around 30 minutes explaining how the universe was
completely random. after which someone suggested that he might not be
correct as every event can only be based on what comes before. cage looked
up, scratched his beard, looked back at the man and said: "you're right."
and we moved on to other topics.

incidentally robin, without myself really understanding: my you tied that
random thread together nicely!

tolve




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Subject: Re: Need selectable audio output device
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I am not sure about the Linux-specific code as I am not sure what they
are up to, but the generic sources support the syntax -o |postprog to
pipe the output to a program.  Of course you may need quotes depending
on your shell.

wrt multiple sound devices the Maldonado code has this, as does
Winsound.  I suppose this shoudl be made more explicit.  The Winsound
version for exampel uses environment parameters (I think).
==John ff


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Date: Fri, 13 Nov 1998 10:15:11 -0500
From: Jean Piche 
Subject: Re: 31 bit PRNG for x-class noise ugens
To: tolve 
Cc: Robin Whittle , csound@maths.ex.ac.uk
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"Readings from Finnegans' Wake"

Vancouver 1978 - same experience


tolve wrote:
> 
> robin whittle wrote:
> 
> >I saw John Cage perform in Adelaide in 1976, when a mini-busload of us LaTrobe
> >University music students went to the Adelaide Festival.  In the midst of a 40
> >(?) minute mind-numbing recitation of randomly chosen, softly spoken,
> >meaningless disconnected sylables, spontaneous, nervous applause broke out and
> >I joined in. The man with the sunny disposition didn't miss a stochastic beat
> >and continued for the remaining 15 minutes or so of the piece.
> 
> believe i caught that tour in potsdam, ny usa. cage explained that the
> syllables were chinese and selected via the I Ching. my mind similarly
> numbed. if it was actually the same piece, our common experience was merely
> derived from excerpts of what i believe had a running time of 48 hours. at
> the performance i attended, an entire theater emptied save for 20 audience
> members who were then invited onstage for a question answer period. i cut
> my next class and remained (took a bit of hell for it but ultimately worth
> it).
> 
> cage then went on for around 30 minutes explaining how the universe was
> completely random. after which someone suggested that he might not be
> correct as every event can only be based on what comes before. cage looked
> up, scratched his beard, looked back at the man and said: "you're right."
> and we moved on to other topics.
> 
> incidentally robin, without myself really understanding: my you tied that
> random thread together nicely!
> 
> tolve

-- 
________________________________________________________
Jean Piche
Universite de Montreal
http://mistral.ere.umontreal.ca/~pichej
http://www.musique.umontreal.ca/electro/CEC/


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From: David Boothe 
To: "Csound (E-mail)" 
Subject: pvanal error
Date: Fri, 13 Nov 1998 10:42:40 -0600
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In attempting to do phase vocoding analysis with Winsound/Utilities, I get
the following error in the Winsound window:

pvanal: 1 is a bad window overlap index

parameters are: 
frame size = 1024 (tried others but doesn't seem to make a difference)
window overlap factor = 4 (recommended in the  manual)
hop size = 0. 

If hop size blank, I get a pop-up Windows error message that has no message
- only the window, caution icon, and OK button.

Sample rate, begin and end default to the sound file (aiff).

BTW pvanal (as standalone exe file) runs fine under DOS, using same
parameters. Seems to be a problem with WInsound's interface, or am I using
it wrong?

Thanks in advance.

-David.



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From: =cw4t7abs 
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IIIIIIIIIIII$$$$$$$$$$IIIIIIIIIIIIII$$$$$$$$$$IIIII
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

                     $  $        $   $
                        $        $
     $$  $   $  $$  $$ $$$  $$  $$$ $$  $$  $$$
    $  $  $ $  $  $  $  $     $  $   $ $  $ $  $ $$
    $$$$   $   $     $  $   $$$  $   $ $  $ $  $
    $     $ $  $  $  $  $  $  $  $   $ $  $ $  $
     $$  $   $  $$   $   $  $$$   $  $  $$  $  $



$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
IIII$$$$$$$$$$IIIIIIIIII$$$$$$$$$$IIIIIIIIII$$$$$$$



>Jean Piche 
>"Readings from Finnegans' Wake"
>
>Vancouver 1978 - same experience - [zurpr!sz]

ach.tzo.
S0.S0SSSSSSSSS0SSSSSSS0SSSSSSSS0  - dze month + !+ar
ov godel.z ecz!t + =cw4t7abs.z entr!

- 1 remark on dze relat!onsh!p betw!n relat!v!t theor! + !deal!zt!k f!lozof1 -

john kage lakx++

http://www.tezcat.com/~markrose/yingzi/yingzi.htm





>
>tolve wrote:
>>
>> robin whittle wrote:
>>
>> >I saw
>> John Cage perform in Adelaide in 1976,
>>
>> tolve
>
>--
>________________________________________________________
>Jean Piche
>Universite de Montreal
>http://mistral.ere.umontreal.ca/~pichej
>http://www.musique.umontreal.ca/electro/CEC/





[\\ u.s.a -> bu!ld!ng neu > eff!c!ent wa!z ov k!ll!ng peopl

****************** |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| *****************
                           ||||||||||||||| 03, 1998
                            ||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||:

Tbase10

                 6                                2
                 3                                1
                 2                                6
            Pin  1     ------------->   Pin  3

       Connection 1                Connection 2
            ------------                   ------------

* .47 throughout


> konzumemore 0.000017 zku!sh

5.  ||||||||| ||||||||||||:
      * |||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
      * |||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||
      * ||||||-||||punKtproTokol[4'7c

m9ndfukc.macht.fre! < hTTp:/1 4. 9.1 0.1 4/=cw4t7abs
||||||||||| ||||||||||||
      * |||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||
      * |||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|||-||||||||||||||||||
      * ||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||
|||||||||||||||||||||
=cw4t7abs . 3nkod0r . verz!on 0+2




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Subject: 11mpeg.proj.ekt!l \+\	                  d!g!tal bandw!dth ag!tat!on		|- o s c ! l l a t e . @ . 0 + 1 8 h z		-|                d!g!tal bandw!dth ag!tat!on	
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LENGTH OF PERFORMANCE: ___!     12
'       6
(       2    ftp://quixot.rug.ac.be/MP%26G_11H.dbh%21/
)       2    ftp://quixot.rug.ac.be/MP%26G_11H.dbh%21/      - n
+       2    ftp://quixot.rug.ac.be/MP%26G_11H.dbh%21/      - 0
,       6    ftp://quixot.rug.ac.be/MP%26G_11H.dbh%21/      - !
-       27   ftp://quixot.rug.ac.be/MP%26G_11H.dbh%21/      - z
.       12   ftp://quixot.rug.ac.be/MP%26G_11H.dbh%21/
/       1
 teknozucx: rendr > ztartl!ng
      OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI: bew!tchd
      OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI: botherd (c#, b)
      OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI: and bew!ldrd
      OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI: am i
      OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI: bew!tchd
      OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI: botherd (c#, b)
      OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI: and bew!ldrd
      OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI: am i
      OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI: bew!tchd
      OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI: botherd (c#, b)
      OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI: and bew!ldrd
      OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI: am i
      OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI: bew!tchd
      OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:
botherd (c#, b)
      OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI: and
bew!ldrd
      OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI: am i
      OOOI:  OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:
OOOI: bew!tchd
      OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:
OOOI: botherd (c#, b)
      OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:
OOOI: and bew!ldrd
      OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:
OOOI: am i
      OOOI:       OOOI:  OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:
OOOI:       OOOI: bew!tchd
      OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:       OOOI:






                  d!g!tal bandw!dth ag!tat!on

|- o s c ! l l a t e . @ . 0 + 1 8 h z

-|                d!g!tal bandw!dth ag!tat!on


>X-From_: igor.stromajer@guest.arnes.si  Mon Nov  9 16:37:58 1998
>From: "intim@" 
>Organization: intim@ virtual base / net art lab
>To: antiorp@god-emil.dk
>
>
>request
>
>
>1. history
>
>in the city of "maribor" (country: "slovenia")
>http://www.ijs.si/slo/
>there exists an "international festival of computer arts" which will have it's
>5th edition in march/april 1999.
>
>you can check one (the only) festival's web site (from 1997):
>
>3rd festival of the computer arts maribor - slovenia, 4th - 10th of october
>1997
>http://www.kibla.org/festival/
>
>i don't know where has the 1998's web site disappeared, but there will be
>a new (1999) web site constructed soon.
>
>the festival is co-organised by
>"mkc - youth cultural centre in maribor"
>http://mario.uni-mb.si/mkc/
>and
>"art gallery maribor"
>http://server.kibla.org/ugm/
>
>and is trying to present excellent pieces of computer based artworks,
>installations, net art and digital sound projects to the local and
>international
>audience.
>
>
>2. story
>
>as a this year's curator for net art projects inside the 1999 festival i
>decided to present "=cw4t7abs net action" which includes "\\ m9ndfukc &
>|0f0003|uneventful++vers!on|" located at
>http://www.tezcat.com/~antiorp/
>and
>http://www.hell.com/
>
>
>3. specifics
>
>in my opinion "=cw4t7abs" is one of the best present artistic actions on
>the net. i followed =cw4t7abs' artistic activities in different e-mailing
>lists
>for a long time and i explored the web site in details.
>
>i also checked the message about =cw4t7abs at
>http://www.rhizome.org/cgi-
>local/query.cgi?action=grab_object&kt=kt1205.txt
>posted by  but this is the only reflection i had
>found.
>
>it is usual that the festival in maribor invites the artist(s) to come to
>maribor, slovenia in person. all the travel expenses and accommodations
>are completely covered by the festival. it will be the same this year.
>
>since you want to remain anonymous (and i respect this) i'd like to ask
>you if you have some ideas, wishes or demands about how to present you
>and your artworks on the festival in maribor?
>
>maybe you could send someone as your representative?
>maybe we could arrange an online audio/video connection during the
>festival and we could connect you (?) and the festival audience?
>
>there are probably other options and good solutions also. we are open to
>any suggestions that you might give.
>
>i'd like to thank you in advance for your possible co-operation. please
>contact me on my e-mail address
>igor.stromajer@guest.arnes.si
>so that we could start talking about your part on the festival. i'll be very
>happy if you would do it.
>
>best wishes,
>igor stromajer
>
>
>
>
>
>
>intim@ virtual base - net art lab
>http://www2.arnes.si/~ljintima2
>+386 (0)41 703291
>icq 19808618
>




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From: Tobiah 
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I tried using a program name as an output file
with version 3.49 (CSLinux from bath).

I get 'error writing WAV header', then halt.

eg:
	csound -W orc sco -o'|vplay'

or
	csound -W orc sco -o'|cat > /dev/null'


Am I doing this correctly?

bash on Linux

Toby

	-There otta be a law-


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From: Andre Bartetzki 
Organization: STEAM HfM Berlin
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Josep M Comajuncosas wrote:
>=20
> After changing the old ipow-kpow-apow opcodes in my orchestras by the
> generic "pow" opcode in 3.491 I get an "illegal opcode" message. Worst
> of all, now there=B4s no way to perform power operations as the former
> opcodes don=B4t work. I hope you=B4ll fix the problem soon.
> Thancks,
>=20
> Josep M Comajuncosas

I've found the same bug in the older 3.485 version (Mills PowerMac port)!

Andre
=20
--------------------------------------------------
Andre Bartetzki http://www.kgw.tu-berlin.de/~abart
Studio fuer elektroakustische Musik http://www.kgw.tu-berlin.de/~abart/St=
eam/steam.html
Hochschule fuer Musik Berlin http://www.hfm-berlin.de

Tel. +49-30-4726629
Tel. +49-30-203092488
--------------------------------------------------


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Date: Fri, 13 Nov 1998 19:59:12 +0000
From: Tobiah 
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When I use -istdin and -odac, with a microphone
attached to stdin, I hear the mic sounds processed
by csound, but delayed, even with small -b and -B.

As time progresses (5-15 seconds and beyond) the
delay grows larger and larger quickly becomimg 10
seconds in length and still growing.

The input and output is happening on the same 
physical sound card.  I suppose if the card used
two different crystals for timing input and output
then the effect could be explained right?

Anyone have this type of real-time dsp working?

Toby

	-There otta be a law-


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From: Richard Dobson 
Organization: Composers Desktop Project
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Since you raise the poiint, a quick plug: the CDP system also supports
floating-point files, in both WAV and AIFF, including (PC only) utility
programs for recording and playback. There will be new information about
this shortly, on our website:
http://www.bath.ac.uk/~masjpf/CDP/CDP.htm

One aspect of 24/32bit files is that those who are really concerned
about the ultimate audio quality will want their final files dithered
down to 16/20 bits or whichever. I have found one freeware dither
application on the net, but it does not(yet?) know about Type 3 floatsam
files, only 24bit PCM. Does anyone have a dither or noise-shaping
algorithm they fancy donating to Csound?

I suppose this might involve adding yet another flag to the Csound
commandline - but just think of the possibilites if Csound adopts
Unicode!

Richard Dobson 


Michael Gogins wrote:

> Float WAV soundfiles are a Microsoft
> standard and can be played by Cool Edit Pro, and perhaps other software.
> 
> I highly recommend doing all Csound work with float soundfiles until the
> very last step, mastering. Particularly if you do any mixing or remixing of
> soundfiles, you will find the sound significantly better this way.
>


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I'm looking for a working link to Cmask for Windows
thanks




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Date: Fri, 13 Nov 1998 16:37:41 +0000
From: Joel Stern 
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Tobiah wrote:

> > BTW, why can't I pipe csound's output samples into another
> > process?  It claims 'stdout audio not supported' or something.
> > There are some nice purposes for this as well.

If I correctly understand what you're after I think I have accomplished this
by using "Virtual Audio Cable", the blurb of which is attached below.

Joel
-----------------------------------attachment------------------------------

 Virtual Audio Cable Driver 1.00
                ===============================

Author: Eugene Muzychenko, Novosibirsk, Russia
        2:5000/14@FidoNet, music@spider.nrcde.ru


        Introduction
        ------------

The Virtual Audio Cable embodies an idea of physical interconnection
cable applied to Windows digital sound devices (Wave In and Wave Out).
Driver creates a pairs of Wave In/Out device ports; "In" and "Out"
devices in each pair are internally connected so all digital audio
data sent (played) to "Out" part of the cable by one program is
directly transferred to the "In" part and can be retrieved (recorded)
by another program. This mechanism allows to interconnect several
programs that are using Wave devices - software synthesizers, sound
processors, sound editors, sequencers etc. Additionally, it allows to
record pure digital audio data produced by programs that don't create
WAV files, sending audio only to Wave device in real time.


        Installation
        ------------

If driver files are packed, first unpack the archive to any empty
directory on your hard disk.

In Windows 95, go to the Control Panel, double click "Add New
Hardware" icon, answer "No" to auto search prompt, then select "Sound,
video and game controllers". In device list dialog select "Have disk"
and enter a path to the driver directory. Select "Virtual Audio Cable
Device Driver" and follow instructions displayed.

In Windows 3.1, go to the Control Panel, double click "Drivers" icon,
select "Add", then "Unlisted or updated driver", enter a path to the
driver directory and select "Virtual Audio Cable Device Driver".

Windows restart is required to activate installed driver.

*** WARNING ***

Driver designed to run in Windows 3.1 or above but tested only under
Windows 95. In Windows 3.x some problems may appear.


After system restart, there appears a new Wave Device "Virtual Audio
Cable", having two Digital Audio ports: "Audio Cable 1 In" for input
port and "Audio Cable 1 Out" for output port. Driver supports up to
eight independent cables; actual number is represented by
"NumberOfCables" entry of "[Virtual Audio Cable]" section of Windows
SYSTEM.INI file. This entry with initial value of 1 is appended to
your SYSTEM.INI during the installation process. You can edit this
file using SysEdit or any other text editor like NotePad, and manually
change this value in range 1..8, making desired number of cables.
Don't forget that Windows restart is required to take effect of the
changes.


        Working with cables
        -------------------

Both cable sides are standard Windows wave devices, you can use "In"
and "Out" ports of each cable with any program that works with audio
devices. All cables are completely independent. Both sides of one
cable must be open with same format: if other side isn't open, each
device accepts any wave format; when other side is open with given
format, device accepts only same format.

Virtual cable behaves as a real cable:

- when only output side is open, all played data is ignored;

- when only input side is open, silence is recorded;

- when both sides are open, all data sent to output side appears
unchanged at input side.


All internal data transfers from output to input side are completely
digital, and no quality degradation occurs. If you play WAV file to
output side and simultaneously record data from input side, all
recorded data will be same as played, except of possible leading
and/or trailing silence.


        Removing the driver from your system
        ------------------------------------

To remove driver from system you can select "Remove" in Control Panel
or simply delete "wave*=vac.drv" line from [drivers] section of
SYSTEM.INI. Additionally, you can delete the "[Virtual Audio Driver]
section. After Windows restart you will be able to delete driver file
VAC.DRV from Windows SYSTEM directory.


        Obtaining new versions of the driver
        ------------------------------------

If new versions or bug fixes are released, they will be placed at
ftp://spider.nrcde.ru/pub/sound/other/vac*.zip.


        Distribution policy
        -------------------

The driver is Freeware. You can distribute it freely if driver package
and file contents remains unchanged, and there are no commercial
purposes. You cannot sell it, independently or in one set with other
products, without my written permission.


Release history:
================

Version 1.00 (14.10.98) - first public release




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From: Michael Gogins 
To: jpff@maths.bath.ac.uk, csound@maths.ex.ac.uk
MMDF-Warning:  Parse error in original version of preceding line at UK.AC.Bath.maths.omphalos
Subject: Re:  Random, old and new
Date: Fri, 13 Nov 1998 18:27:14 -0500
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I have strong feelings about random variables in code.

I recommend as strongly as I can that random variables be truly independent.
This means all "random" variables should be based on one single underlying
pseudo-random variable (linear congruential operator, usually). In C++
terms, this would mean that all random variable objects contain a single
static instance of a linear congruential operator or other pseudo-random
variable.

As for seeding, the underlying operator should seed itself from the time
when the library is initialized. After that, it should have a call so that
the user can reseed it.

You can imagine what would happen if two random variables with separate
operators were each used to produce their own streams of notes. If the user
reseeded the supposedly independent variables with the same seed before use,
they would generate identical streams of notes. Hardly random!

I feel that if users have come to depend upon the variable producing a
certain sequence, it is hardly something that could be called "random". It
is always possible to code one's own linear congruential operator if such a
predictable sequence is desired; the algorithm is simple.

-----Original Message-----
From: jpff@maths.bath.ac.uk 
To: csound@maths.ex.ac.uk 
Date: Friday, November 13, 1998 8:25 AM
Subject: Random, old and new


>Message written at 13 Nov 1998 11:44:56 +0000
>
>If the need to preserve old orchestras and the need to provide clear
>service to newcommers are both to be accommodated, then it woudl be
>possible to have a command-line option or environment variable to
>select old or new.  A little more messy internally but doable.
>
>As it has been brought up, are there any strong feelings about
>converting all the newer noise opcodes to be self contained and
>indepenent?  I see some dangers in this as it may lead to each note
>repeating the same numbers.  I think it would be possible to arrange a
>tri-state for seeding; (1) take this seed (2) use last value (3) creat
>from clock or somewhere
>
>Just musing; this change would break my chapter in the book.
>==John ffitch



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From: Michael Gogins 
To: jpff@maths.bath.ac.uk, csound@maths.ex.ac.uk
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Subject: Re:  Random, old and new
Date: Fri, 13 Nov 1998 18:27:14 -0500
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I have strong feelings about random variables in code.

I recommend as strongly as I can that random variables be truly independent.
This means all "random" variables should be based on one single underlying
pseudo-random variable (linear congruential operator, usually). In C++
terms, this would mean that all random variable objects contain a single
static instance of a linear congruential operator or other pseudo-random
variable.

As for seeding, the underlying operator should seed itself from the time
when the library is initialized. After that, it should have a call so that
the user can reseed it.

You can imagine what would happen if two random variables with separate
operators were each used to produce their own streams of notes. If the user
reseeded the supposedly independent variables with the same seed before use,
they would generate identical streams of notes. Hardly random!

I feel that if users have come to depend upon the variable producing a
certain sequence, it is hardly something that could be called "random". It
is always possible to code one's own linear congruential operator if such a
predictable sequence is desired; the algorithm is simple.

-----Original Message-----
From: jpff@maths.bath.ac.uk 
To: csound@maths.ex.ac.uk 
Date: Friday, November 13, 1998 8:25 AM
Subject: Random, old and new


>Message written at 13 Nov 1998 11:44:56 +0000
>
>If the need to preserve old orchestras and the need to provide clear
>service to newcommers are both to be accommodated, then it woudl be
>possible to have a command-line option or environment variable to
>select old or new.  A little more messy internally but doable.
>
>As it has been brought up, are there any strong feelings about
>converting all the newer noise opcodes to be self contained and
>indepenent?  I see some dangers in this as it may lead to each note
>repeating the same numbers.  I think it would be possible to arrange a
>tri-state for seeding; (1) take this seed (2) use last value (3) creat
>from clock or somewhere
>
>Just musing; this change would break my chapter in the book.
>==John ffitch



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Message-ID: <364C6147.E0435F9A@wxs.nl>
Date: Fri, 13 Nov 1998 17:41:43 +0100
From: Lex Vanderwal 
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Subject: Re: looking for Cmask
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http://www.kgw.tu-berlin.de/~abart/CMaskMan/CMask-Download.htm

IMHO it's great software!

atomicFLY wrote:
> 
> I'm looking for a working link to Cmask for Windows
> thanks

-- 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lex Vanderwal -- for Lila Sachel Productions,
   Utrecht -- the Netherlands
Email: LilaSachel@wxs.nl
Phone +31654334356
Home: http://listen.to/LexVanderwal
ICQ#: 5055034
   ICQ Pager: http://wwp.mirabilis.com/5055034
------------------------------------------------------------------------


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From: Hans Mikelson 
To: Csound 
Subject: High pass version of "rezzy" Orc/Sco
Date: Fri, 13 Nov 1998 23:34:25 -0600
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Hi,

Here is a high pass version of my low pass rezzy filter with a similar
structure.  I'll probably add this as a mode parameter to rezzy.

Bye,
Hans Mikelson

; ORCHESTRA
sr = 44100
kr = 4410
ksmps = 10
nchnls = 2

;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
------
; Saw with Mikelson Rezzy Filter
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
------
        instr   15

idur    =       p3
iamp    =       p4
ifqc    =       cpspch(p5)*1.33
ifco    =       p6
ia2     =       1
krez    init    p7

kfco    expseg  100+.01*ifco, .2*idur, ifco+100, .5*idur, ifco*.1+100,
.3*idur, .001*ifco+100
kamp    linseg  0, .002, iamp, .2, iamp*.8, p3-.222, iamp*.5, .02, 0

; axn     moogvco ia2, ifqc, 1, 1
apulse  buzz    1,ifqc, sr/2/ifqc, 1 ; Avoid aliasing
asaw    biquad  apulse, 1, 0, 0, 1, -.999, 0 ; Biquad used as a leaky
integrator

; Set up for high pass version of rezzy.
kt      =       .75/sqrt(1+krez)
kc      =       sr/kfco/2/3.14159265
kq      =       krez/(1+sqrt(sqrt(1/kc)))
kb0     =       (kc/kq+kc*kc)*kt
kb1     =      (-kc/kq-2*kc*kc)*kt
kb2     =       kc*kc*kt
ka0     =       kc/kq+kc*kc
ka1     =      -kc/kq-2*kc*kc+1
ka2     =       kc*kc

ayn     biquad  asaw,  kb0, kb1, kb2, ka0, ka1, ka2  ; Biquad used for high
pass rezzy

        outs    ayn*kamp, ayn*kamp
        endin

; SCORE
f1 0 16384 10 1                               ; Sine

;    Sta  Dur  Amp    Pitch  Fco   Rez
i15  0.0  2    40000  7.05   1000  10
i15  +    .    40000  6.03   2000  20
i15  .    .    40000  6.10   4000  40
i15  .    .    40000  7.05   8000  80




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Date: Sat, 14 Nov 1998 00:51:21 -0500
From: Job van Zuijlen 
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Subject: Re: 11mpeg.proj.ekt!l \+\ d!g!tal bandw!dth ag!tat!on|- o s c ! l l a t e . @ . 0 + 1 8 h z		-|                d!g!tal bandw!dth ag!tat!on
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!'m glad someone rekogn!zez =cw4t7abs' akt!v!t!ez

non(+)ed [Job van Zu!jlen]

=cw4t7abs wrote:
[sn!p]

> >X-From_: igor.stromajer@guest.arnes.si  Mon Nov  9 16:37:58 1998
[sn!p]
> >
> >in my opinion "=cw4t7abs" is one of the best present artistic actions on
> >the net. i followed =cw4t7abs' artistic activities in different e-mailing
> >lists for a long time and i explored the web site in details.
> >
> >


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Message-ID: <003401be0f98$a554db40$23e167ce@default>
From: Hans Mikelson 
To: Csound 
Subject: Analog Modeling orc/sco
Date: Sat, 14 Nov 1998 00:33:07 -0600
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Hi,

This is the Csound code I am planning to base my moogvco opcode on.  Let me
know if you find any problems with it.  The modulated triangle waveform is
still a little messy but I think it is quite usable.  Looks like a lot of
line wraps to fix in this email.

Good luck,
Hans Mikelson

; ORCHESTRA
;---------------------------------------------------------------
; A set of analog modeling instruments using resonant low-pass
; filter by Hans Mikelson November 1998
;---------------------------------------------------------------
sr = 44100
kr = 4410
ksmps = 10
nchnls = 2
zakinit 50, 50

;---------------------------------------------------------------
; LFO
;---------------------------------------------------------------
           instr   5

idur       =       p3
iamp       =       p4
ifqc       =       p5
iwave      =       p6
ioffset    =       p7
ioutch     =       p8

ksig       oscil   iamp, ifqc, iwave
kout       =       ksig*.5+ioffset
           zkw     kout, ioutch

           endin

;---------------------------------------------------------------
; Moog VCO with Mikleson filter
;---------------------------------------------------------------
           instr   10

idur       =       p3              ; Duration
iamp       =       p4              ; Amplitude
ifqc       =       cpspch(p5)      ; Frequency
irtfqc     =       sqrt(ifqc)      ; Square root of frequency
ifco       =       p6*ifqc/500     ; Filter cut off (higher frequencies get
a higher cut off)
krez       init    p7              ; Resonance does not change in this
instrument
iwave      =       p8              ; Selected wave form 1=Saw, 2=Square/PWM,
3=Tri/Saw-Ramp-Mod
ipwch      =       p9              ; PWM SRM modulation channel
ileak      =       (iwave==2 ? .999 : (iwave==3 ? .995 : .999)) ; Leaky
integration value

kpw        zkr     ipwch           ; Read the Zak modulation channel
kpwn       =       kpw-.5          ; Get a pulse width that goes from -.5 to
.5

kfco       expseg  100+.01*ifco, .2*idur, ifco+100, .5*idur, ifco*.1+100,
.3*idur, .001*ifco+100 ; Filter envelope

apulse1    buzz    1, ifqc, sr/2/ifqc, 1 ; Band-limited impulse train
apulse2    vdelay  apulse1, 1000/ifqc*kpw, 1000/ifqc ; Delay the impulse
train by lambda/pw.

asaw       biquad  apulse1, 1, 0, 0, 1, -ileak, 0    ; Biquad is used to do
a leaky integrator for saw wave
apdiff     =       apulse1-apulse2                   ; Pulse difference is
needed for square wave
asqr1      biquad  apdiff,  1, 0, 0, 1, -ileak, 0    ; Biquad used for leaky
integrator of pulse difference
asqr       =       asqr1+kpwn                        ; Adjustment to remove
DC component
atri1      biquad  asqr1,   1, 0, 0, 1, -ileak, 0    ; Triangle wave, many
adjustments are necessary to conteract amplitude
atri       =
(atri1*irtfqc/(kpw*(1-kpw))/3000+5*kpwn/irtfqc)*(1-kpwn*kpwn*20/irtfqc)/sr*4
4100 ; and DC variations

asig       =       (iwave==2 ? asqr : (iwave==3 ? atri : asaw)) ; Select
your waveform here

;aout       rezzy   asig, kfco, krez                             ; Apply the
filter

           outs    asig*iamp, asig*iamp                         ; Stereo
ouput and amplification
           endin

; SCORE
f1 0 16384 10 1

; LFO Note 0; Sat, 14 Nov 1998 01:00:10 -0600 (CST)
Message-ID: <003a01be0f9d$8aac91c0$23e167ce@default>
From: Hans Mikelson 
To: Csound 
Subject: Oscillator Synch Orc/Sco
Date: Sat, 14 Nov 1998 01:08:10 -0600
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Hi,

Here is a version of oscillator sync that does not seem too bad.  The top of
the waves line up pretty well.  Softer syncs do not work the greatest.
Please let me know if you have any problems or comments regarding this.

Bye,
Hans Mikelson

;ORCHESTRA
sr = 44100 ; sr must equal kr for this orchestra
kr = 44100
ksmps = 1
nchnls = 2

;---------------------------------------------------------------
; VCO with Sync
;---------------------------------------------------------------
           instr   11

idur       =       p3           ; Duration
iamp       =       p4           ; Amplitude
ifqc       =       cpspch(p5)   ; Frequency
ifqc2      =       ifqc*p6      ; Frequency of pseudo synched oscillator wrt
base frequency
ifco       =       p7*ifqc/500  ; Filter cut-off frequency based, higher
pitches get a higher cut off

krez       init    p8           ; krez is not changing
kfco       expseg  100+.01*ifco, .2*idur, ifco+100, .5*idur, ifco*.1+100,
.3*idur, .001*ifco+100 ; Filter envelope
kamp       linseg  0, .01*idur, iamp, .2*idur, .8*iamp, .49*idur, .5*iamp,
.2*idur, 0            ; Amp envelope

asaw2      init    0

apulse1    buzz    1, ifqc, sr/2/ifqc, 1          ; Band-limited impulse
train
apulse2    buzz    1, ifqc2, sr/2/ifqc2, 1        ; Band-limited impulse
train

asaw       integ   apulse1                        ; Integrate the pulse for
a square wave

aamp1      oscili  1, ifqc,  3                    ; Turn on the gate in sync
with the impulses
aamp2      oscili  1, ifqc2, 3

asaw2      =      (apulse1 + apulse2*aamp2*(1-aamp1))*(1.2-asaw2) +
(1-ifqc/sr)*asaw2 ; Basically don't add two impulses

;aout       rezzy   asaw2-.5, kfco, krez

           outs    (asaw2-.5)*iamp, (asaw2-.5)*iamp

           endin

; SCORE
f1 0 16384 10 1                          ; Sine
f3 0 1024  -7 1 12 1 0 0 1000 0 0 1 12 1 ; Pulse: Wider pulses make softer
syncs.

; Synth with sync
;   Sta  Dur  Amp   Pitch  SyncFqc  Fco   Rez
i11 0    1    20000 6.00   .9      5000  20
i11 +    .    .     7.00   .        .     .
i11 .    .    .     8.00   .        .     .
i11 .    .    .     9.00   .        .     .